If a number is multipled together several times e.g. 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 if can be written in exponent form, 34
In the number 34, the 3 is called the base and the 4 is called the exponent, index orpower.
All mean the same thing!
Examples
32
|
9
|
33
|
27
|
34
|
81
|
Prime Factors
Natural numbers can be written as the product of prime numbers. These are best written in index form.
Factor trees are useful for finding prime factors.
Square Roots
Squaring a number means multiplying it by itself.e.g. 32 = 3 × 3 = 9
Finding the square root of a number is the opposite or inverse of doing this.e.g.
i.e. A number must be found which multiplies with itself to give the original number,
Some common square roots
1
|
4
|
9
|
16
|
25
|
36
|
49
|
64
|
81
|
100
|
121
|
144
|
400
|
10 000
|
1 000 000
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
9
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
20
|
100
|
1000
|
To find the square roots of numbers between the ones shown above, the easiest way is to use a calculator.
e.g. (rounded to 3 decimal places).